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Galileo Galilei (1564–1642)

Författare till Dialog om de två världssystemen

219+ verk 3,304 medlemmar 25 recensioner 10 favoritmärkta

Om författaren

Galileo Galilei, the great astronomer and physicist whose researches played so crucial a role in the history of science, also occupies an important place in the history of philosophy for his part in overthrowing the predominant Aristotelian concept of the nature of the universe. Galileo considered visa mer himself a philosopher and referred to himself as such on the title pages of his most influential works. Much recent research has been devoted to examining both the philosophical background of Galileo's scientific achievements and the philosophical implications of his scientific method. Born in Pisa, the eldest son of a famous music theorist, Galileo entered on the study of medicine at the University of Pisa but quickly shifted his interest to mathematics. From 1589 to 1592, he taught mathematics at Pisa while studying independently with Jacopo Mazzoni, a distinguished professor of philosophy. His earliest scientific works, directed against Aristotle's account of freely falling bodies, date from this period. In 1592 he moved to Padua, where he lectured on mathematics and astronomy, and by 1597 he was defending the Copernican helicocentric theory of the universe in a letter to his friend Mazzoni. When in 1609, he learned of the invention of the telescope in Holland, Galileo quickly designed an improved version of the instrument for his own astronomical observations. His startling discoveries---including the satellites of Jupiter---were revealed in 1610 in his Starry Messenger (Sidereus nuncius), which led to his appointment as mathematician and philosopher to the Grand Duke of Tuscany. On a visit to Rome in 1611, he demonstrated the power of his instrument and defended the Copernican worldview in learned circles. Church authorities were divided on the question of whether the Copernican theory was consistent with scriptural accounts of the cosmos, and Galileo's position was attacked on theological grounds. He defended himself eloquently in his famous Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina (1615), arguing for the independence of scientific inquiry from theological constraints. Nevertheless, in the following year, he was forbidden to hold or teach the Copernican view. Retiring to Florence to pursue his scientific researches, Galileo let the Copernican question lie until a new pope, Urban VIII, seemed to offer a more favorable reception to his views. In 1632 he brought out his great Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, a presentation of the Ptolemaic-Aristotelian and Copernican systems heavily weighted in favor of the scientific superiority of the latter. In spite of the support of his Florentine and Roman friends, Galileo was tried and forced to recant his defense of helicocentrism under the threat of torture; the Dialogue was placed on the Index of Prohibited Books and its author sentenced to house arrest for life. Galileo's last years were spent in scientific investigations that culminated in the publication of his Discourses on Two New Sciences (1638). Galileo's legacy as a philosopher lies in his outspoken defense of the autonomy of scientific investigation from philosophical and theological authority, and his conviction that mathematical proofs can and should be sought in physical science, that celestial and terrestrial phenomena can be accounted for by a single set of scientific laws, and that scientific explanations cannot be divorced from direct empirical observation of phenomena. (Bowker Author Biography) visa färre
Foto taget av: Justus Sustermans

Serier

Verk av Galileo Galilei

Britannica Great Books: Gilbert, Galileo, Harvey (1600) — Författare — 323 exemplar
The Essential Galileo (2008) 88 exemplar
Il saggiatore (1900) 68 exemplar
Carta a Cristina de Lorena (1994) 26 exemplar
Opere (1953) 19 exemplar
On Sunspots (1613) 18 exemplar
Antologia (1974) 14 exemplar
Breven om solfläckarna (1613) 12 exemplar
Discourse on bodies in water (2005) 11 exemplar
Lettere (2008) 5 exemplar
Sul candore della Luna (2019) 5 exemplar
Le lettere copernicane (1997) 5 exemplar
Galileo Galilei (1977) 5 exemplar
Opere (2005) 5 exemplar
Kijker, kerk en kosmos (2017) 4 exemplar
Leçons sur l'Enfer de Dante (2008) 3 exemplar
Galileo e gli scienziati del Seicento — Författare — 3 exemplar
Prose scelte 3 exemplar
Le opere di Galileo Galilei (2015) 3 exemplar
La prosa 2 exemplar
Discourse on Floating Bodies (2011) 2 exemplar
Opere volume I 2 exemplar
Galilei, Galileo (1995) 2 exemplar
Schriften, Briefe, Dokumente (2005) 2 exemplar
Genius - Galileo (2006) 2 exemplar
Contro il portar la toga (2009) 2 exemplar
Scritti letterari 2 exemplar
Le mecaniche (2002) 2 exemplar
Galileu & Newton 2 exemplar
Opere 1 1 exemplar
Great Books 28 1 exemplar
Ground Power #104 1 exemplar
Galileu 1 exemplar
Opere 2 1 exemplar
Rime 1 exemplar
Ground Power #105 1 exemplar
The Enlightenment 1 exemplar
El ensayador 1 exemplar
SIDEREUS NUNCUS 1 exemplar
Die spinnen, die Engländer (2013) 1 exemplar
Galilei [Opere di] 1 exemplar
Ground Power #108 1 exemplar
Ground Power #153 1 exemplar
Ground Power #109 1 exemplar
Ground Power #129 1 exemplar
Ground Power #133 1 exemplar
Ground Power #139 1 exemplar
Ground Power #140 1 exemplar
Ground Power #141 1 exemplar
Ground Power #142 1 exemplar
Ground Power #154 1 exemplar
Ground Power #147 1 exemplar
Ground Power #155 1 exemplar
Ground Power #158 1 exemplar
Ground Power #161 1 exemplar
Ground Power #170 1 exemplar
Ground Power #174 1 exemplar
Ground Power #178 1 exemplar
Ground Power #146 1 exemplar
Le rime (2001) 1 exemplar
De motu 1 exemplar
Discorso delle comete (2002) 1 exemplar
Opere letterarie 1 exemplar
Rime 1 exemplar
Opere vol. 34° 1 exemplar
Opere vol. 2 1 exemplar
Noticiero sideral 1 exemplar

Associerade verk

The World of Mathematics, Volume 2 (1956) — Bidragsgivare — 116 exemplar
Meeting of Minds: First Series (1978) — Subject — 55 exemplar
Cause, Experiment, and Science (1981) — Bidragsgivare — 35 exemplar
The Sheed and Ward Anthology of Catholic Philosophy (2005) — Bidragsgivare — 28 exemplar
Galileo Galilei (1977) — Associated Name — 27 exemplar
Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction (1972) — Bidragsgivare — 17 exemplar

Taggad

Allmänna fakta

Andra namn
GALILEI, Galileo
Födelsedag
1564-02-15
Avled
1642-01-08
Begravningsplats
Church of Santa Croce, Florence, Italy
Kön
male
Nationalitet
Tuscany
Italy
Land (för karta)
Italy
Födelseort
Pisa, Duchy of Florence
Dödsort
Arcetri, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Bostadsorter
Pisa, Italy (birth)
Padua, Italy
Florence, Tuscany, Italy
Utbildning
Pisa University
Yrken
professor(mathematics ∙ Padua University)
astronomer
mathematician
writer
author
philosopher
Relationer
Celeste, Sister Maria (daughter)
Priser och utmärkelser
Accademia dei Ricovrati
Kort biografi
How can one summarize Galileo? He asked questions no one could answer, and then invented ways to answer them himself. He was the great Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher, and the father of modern science.

Medlemmar

Diskussioner

Galileo Galilei i Legacy Libraries (januari 2014)

Recensioner

Incredibly well-edited selection of writings, invaluable for understanding the history of science, rhetoric, theology, and cosmology.
 
Flaggad
sashame | 3 andra recensioner | Dec 9, 2018 |
This volume, subtitled “From Doubt to Astonishment,” includes a facsimile copy of Galileo’s Sidereus nuncius from the Library of Congress’s Rare Books and Special Collections. Accompanying the discourse are the proceedings from the Library of Congress’s November 2010 symposium celebrating the four hundredth anniversary of Galileo’s treatise. Also included in this amazing volume is the Albert Van Helden translation of Galileo’s scientific text.

Highly recommended.
 
Flaggad
jfe16 | 2 andra recensioner | Nov 8, 2018 |
CONSIDERACIONES Y DEMOSTRACIONES MATEMÁTICAS SOBRE DOS NUEVAS CIENCIAS

Esta obra del astrónomo y físico italiano Galileo Galilei, cuyo título completo es Discursos y demostraciones matemáticas en torno a dos nuevas ciencias referidas a la mecánica y a los movimientos locales, fue publicada en la tipografía de los Elzevir en Leyden, en 1638, y dedicada por el autor al conde de Noailles. Última de las obras publicadas por Galileo, fue preparada desde la reclusión forzosa a que lo condenó el segundo proceso inquisitorial, y que Galileo pasó en su quinta de Arcetri, en compañía de sus discípulos; sin embargo, parte de los materiales que la componen son anteriores a 1609, año en que inició su fecunda dedicación a la astronomía.

Galileo con sus discípulos en la quinta de Arcetri

Por esta naturaleza parcialmente recopilatoria, los Discursos y demostraciones matemáticas contienen la mayor parte de las más relevantes aportaciones de Galileo a la física. Presentada en forma de diálogo entre tres interlocutores (los mismos que entablaron el Diálogo sobre los dos máximos sistemas del mundo), la obra se dividía en la edición de 1638 en cuatro jornadas. Las dos primeras tratan de la estructura de los materiales, y conforman la exposición de la "ciencia nueva" que hoy llamamos estática. La tercera se ocupa del movimiento uniforme y uniformemente acelerado de los cuerpos, y la cuarta de la trayectoria de los proyectiles; en ambas se debate la segunda "ciencia nueva", hoy llamada dinámica. A partir de la edición florentina de 1718 se añadieron dos nuevas jornadas: "Sobre la definición de las proporciones de Euclides" y "De la fuerza de percusión".

Con la inserción de no pocas divagaciones geniales y útiles sobre otros asuntos, las dos primeras partes de la obra versan sobre la ciencia del equilibrio de las fuerzas y de la resistencia de los materiales. En ellas se exponen el principio de acción y reacción y diversas consideraciones sobre la cohesión, sobre el vacío, sobre lo continuo y discontinuo y sobre el infinito, todo ello completado con no pocas demostraciones geométricas en las que predomina el sentido de las proporciones, que, como los antiguos griegos, con tanta sagacidad utilizó para sus exposiciones, sin recurrir jamás a fórmulas algebraicas.
… (mer)
 
Flaggad
FundacionRosacruz | Jan 3, 2018 |
Una gran edició dels Discorsi de Galileu, amb la traducció i l'original en facsímil. La introducció d'en Garcia Doncel i col·laboradors resulta imprescindible per emmarcar com cal els resultats de Galileu.
 
Flaggad
Ruminahui | Jul 30, 2017 |

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Statistik

Verk
219
Även av
9
Medlemmar
3,304
Popularitet
#7,745
Betyg
4.0
Recensioner
25
ISBN
199
Språk
16
Favoritmärkt
10

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