Raymond T. Pierrehumbert

Indeholder "Preface", "Acknowledgements", "Notation", "1. The Big Questions", " 1.1 Overview", " 1.2 Close to home", " 1.3 Into deepest time: Faint Young Sun and habitability of the Earth", " 1.4 Goldilocks in space: Earth, Mars, and Venus", " 1.5 Other Solar System planets and satellites", " 1.6 Farther afield: extrasolar planets", " 1.7 Digression: about climate proxies", " 1.8 The Proterozoic climate revisited: Snowball Earth", " 1.9 The hothouse/icehouse dichotomy", " 1.10 Pleistocene glacial–interglacial cycles", " 1.11 Holocene climate variation", " 1.12 Back to home: global warming", " 1.13 The fate of the Earth and the lifetime of biospheres", " 1.14 Workbook", " 1.15 For further reading", "2. Thermodynamics in a nutshell", " 2.1 Overview", " 2.2 A few observations", " 2.3 Dry thermodynamics of an ideal gas", " 2.4 Static stability of inhomogeneous mixtures", " 2.5 The hydrostatic relation", " 2.6 Thermodynamics of phase change", " 2.7 The moist adiabat", " 2.8 Workbook", " 2.9 For further reading", "3. Elementary models of radiation balance", " 3.1 Overview", " 3.2 Blackbody radiation", " 3.3 Radiation balance of planets", " 3.4 Ice-albedo feedback", " 3.5 Partially absorbing atmospheres", " 3.6 Optically thin atmospheres: the skin temperature", " 3.7 Workbook", " 3.8 For further reading", "4. Radiative transfer in temperature-stratified atmospheres", " 4.1 Overview", " 4.2 Basic formulation of plane-parallel radiative transfer", " 4.3 The gray gas model", " 4.4 Real gas radiation: basic principles", " 4.5 Real gas OLR for all-troposphere atmospheres", " 4.6 Another look at the runaway greenhouse", " 4.7 Pure radiative equilibrium for real gas atmospheres", " 4.8 Tropopause height for real gas atmospheres", " 4.9 The lesson learned", " 4.10 Workbook", " 4.11 For further reading", "5. Scattering", " 5.1 Overview", " 5.2 Basic concepts", " 5.3 Scattering by molecules: Rayleigh scattering", " 5.4 Scattering by particles", " 5.5 The two-stream equations with scattering", " 5.6 Some basic solutions", " 5.7 Numerical solution of the two-stream equations", " 5.8 Water and ice clouds", " 5.9 Things that go bump in the night: Infrared scattering with gaseous absorption", " 5.10 Effects of atmospheric solar absorption", " 5.11 Albedo of snow and ice", " 5.12 Workbook", " 5.13 For further reading", "6. The surface energy balance", " 6.1 Overview", " 6.2 Radiative exchange", " 6.3 Basic models of turbulent exchange", " 6.4 Similarity theory for the surface layer", " 6.5 Joint effect of the fluxes on surface conditions", " 6.6 Global warming and the surface budget fallacy", " 6.7 Mass balance and melting", " 6.8 Precipitation–temperature relations", " 6.9 Simple models of sea ice in equilibrium", " 6.10 Workbook", " 6.11 For further reading", "7. Variation of temperature with season and latitude", " 7.1 Overview", " 7.2 A few observations of the Earth", " 7.3 Distribution of incident solar radiation", " 7.4 Thermal inertia", " 7.5 Some elementary orbital mechanics", " 7.6 Effect of long-term variation of orbital parameters", " 7.7 A palette of planetary seasonal cycles", " 7.8 Workbook", " 7.9 For further reading", "8. Evolution of the atmosphere", " 8.1 Overview", " 8.2 About chemical reactions", " 8.3 Silicate weathering and atmospheric CO2", " 8.4 Partitioning of constituents between atmosphere and ocean", " 8.5 About ultraviolet", " 8.6 A few words about atmospheric chemistry", " 8.7 Escape of an atmosphere to space", " 8.8 Workbook", " 8.9 For further reading", "9. A peek at dynamics", " 9.1 Overview", " 9.2 Horizontal heat transport", " 9.3 Dynamics of relative humidity", " 9.4 Dynamics of static stability", " 9.5 Afterword: endings and beginnings", " 9.6 Workbook", " 9.7 For further reading", "Index".

Hvordan ser klimaet ud på andre planeter og hvordan kan vi observere det?… (mer)