The Foundation and Heritage of the Criminal Law Introduction: The Idea of Criminal Law The Need for Tradition and Foundation Criminal Law and the Common Law A Survey of Legal Tradition The Ancient Idea of Law and Crime Early Medieval Legal Thought Legal Thought in the Later Middle Ages The Turning Point toward Our Modern System The Enlightenment to Colonial Period Definitions of Crime Defining Crime Crime as a Moral and Religious Judgment Crime as Deviance and Aberration Crime as Severity and Grade Classification of Offenses Treason Felonies Misdemeanors Summary/Petty Offenses Parties to Crime