William Wordsworth (1770–1850)
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William Wordsworth, 1770 - 1850 Born April 7, 1770 in the "Lake Country" of northern England, the great English poet William Wordsworth, son of a prominent aristocrat, was orphaned at an early age. He attended boarding school in Hawkesmead and, after an undistinguished career at Cambridge, he spent visa mer a year in revolutionary France, before returning to England a penniless radical. Wordsworth later received honorary degrees from the University of Durham and Oxford University. He is best known for his work "The Prelude", which was published after his death. For five years, Wordsworth and his sister Dorothy lived very frugally in rural England, where they met Samuel Taylor Coleridge. "Lyrical Ballads", published anonymously in 1798, led off with Coleridge's "Ancient Mariner" and ended with Wordsworth's "Tintern Abbey". Between these two masterworks are at least a dozen other great poems. "Lyrical Ballads" is often said to mark the beginning of the English romantic revolution. A second, augmented edition in 1800 was prefaced by one of the great manifestos in world literature, an essay that called for natural language in poetry, subject matter dealing with ordinary men and women, a return to emotions and imagination, and a conception of poetry as pleasure and prophecy. Together with Robert Southey, these three were known as the "Lake Poets", the elite of English poetry. Before he was 30, Wordsworth had begun the supreme work of his life, The Prelude, an immensely long autobiographical work on "The Growth of the Poet's Mind," a theme unprecedented in poetry. Although first finished in 1805, The Prelude was never published in Wordsworth's lifetime. Between 1797 and 1807, he produced a steady stream of magnificent works, but little of his work over the last four decades of his life matters greatly. "The Excursion", a poem of epic length, was considered by Hazlitt and Keats to be among the wonders of the age. After "Lyrical Ballads", Wordsworth turned to his own life, his spiritual and poetical development, as his major theme. More than anyone else, he dealt with mysterious affinities between nature and humanity. Poems like the "Ode on the Intimations of Immortality" have a mystical power quite independent of any particular creed, and simple lyrics like "The Solitary Reaper" produced amazingly powerful effects with the simplest materials. Wordsworth also revived the sonnet and is one of the greatest masters of that form. Wordsworth is one of the giants of English poetry and criticism, his work ranging from the almost childishly simple to the philosophically profound. Wordsworth married Mary Hutchinson in 1802 and in 1813, obtained a sinecure as distributor of stamps for Westmoreland. At this stage of his life, Wordsworth's political beliefs had strayed from liberal to staunchly conservative. His last works were published around 1835, a few trickled in as the years went on, but the bulk of his writing had slowed. In 1842 he was awarded a government pension and in 1843 became the Poet Laureate of England, after the post was vacated by his friend Coleridge. Wordsworth wrote over 523 sonnets in the course of his lifetime. Wordsworth died at Rydal Mount on April 23, 1850. He is buried in Grasme Curchyard. He was 80 years old. (Bowker Author Biography) visa färre
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Taggad
Allmänna fakta
- Födelsedag
- 1770-04-07
- Avled
- 1850-04-23
- Begravningsplats
- St. Oswald's, Grasmere, England, UK
- Kön
- male
- Nationalitet
- UK
- Land (för karta)
- England, UK
- Födelseort
- Cockermouth, Cumberland, England, UK
- Dödsort
- Rydal Mount, Lake District, England, UK
- Bostadsorter
- Dove Cottage, Grasmere, England, UK
Cockermouth, Cumberland, England, UK(birth)
Rydal Mount, Westmorland, England, UK(death) - Utbildning
- University of Cambridge (St. John's College)
- Yrken
- poet
- Relationer
- Wordsworth, Dorothy (sister)
Wordsworth, Christopher (nephew)
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor (friend) - Priser och utmärkelser
- Honorary Doctorate, Durham University (1838)
Honorary Doctorate, Oxford University (1839)
Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom (1843-1850)
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- 10,031
- Popularitet
- #2,372
- Betyg
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- Recensioner
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- ISBN
- 548
- Språk
- 12
- Favoritmärkt
- 43
What the Prelude metahistorically signifies is the birth of a new consciousness into a modern world — of knocking back on the womb of nature — and using language as a means to return to it (by seeing the trees and rivers speaking to him) though language is the means by which the Poet becomes conscious of his own alienation — yet ironically Language is the force of his alienation — for were he not trapped in linguistic, serial time he would be in the cosmic sentience of the babe. Thereby, he hears language in nature itself (in close relation to Kabbalah, and the knowledge of the true name of things).
And so the constant need to instantiate the poem into the land, the object of the world, itself. Either by implanting the poem into a location and giving it a localized sense of being, or by literally carving the poem into the rock, the clinging becomes tighter. Wordsworth, losing both parents by age 13, representing Oedipal undertones through this loss of the connectivity with nature, the orphan lost in the world, and so lacking the real parent is resolved unconsciously through the archetypal Parent of Father Sky and Mother Earth. At one moment, stealing a bird away from a snare that someone else has caught, runs away and hears low breathing of himself being caught by the neighbors and townsmen but on a higher turn on the spiral: that Bird is the symbol of the Self and he is stealing himself away from nature and the breathing and rumbling heard is of Nature itself for the process of individuation is the crime of individuation.
All during the poem, Wordsworth struggles to put consciousness back in nature and attempts to reachieve Nature — but after his experiences of the celebration of the Artist (with capital A) and the artistic unity of being to heal the wound is reached — he reaches the integration of his consciousness equal to nature. Many miss these concluding lines, marking him as a mere simple animist who is trying to get back into nature but what the poem is really about is psychology and consciousness and a phenomenology of the Self in almost Hegelian terms.… (mer)